Depression is common in late life, affecting nearly 5 million of the 31 million americans aged 65 and older with clinically significant. Are you afraid that something bad is going to happen to you. Block, md, is an awardwinning, boardcertified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in pennsylvania. Shah a, herbert r, lewis s, mahendran r, platt j, bhattacharyya b. The geriatric depression scale gds was designed specifically to screen for depression in geriatric populations. The purpose of this study was to compare the validity of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15 in nonelderly 75 years patients with parkinsons disease pd. This tip sheet provides guidance on administering the geriatric depression scale gds 15 point version, a depression assessment tool specifically designed for older people. The geriatric depression scale gds is a selfreport measure of depression in older adults. What is the geriatric depression scale and what can you do. Depression is underrecognized in older adults, especially those with chronic conditions such as heart disease and arthritis. Geriatric depression scale as a community screening instrument for elderly chinese immigrants. The geriatric depression scale short form gds 27,28 is a selfreport tool with simple yesno. A tool for assessment of depression in elderly in doaj.
A fivecategory response set is not utilized in order to ensure that the scale is simple enough to be used when testing ill or moderately cognitively impaired individuals, for whom a more complex set of answers may be confusing, or lead to inaccurate recording of responses. Depression is common in late life, affecting nearly 5 million of the 31 million americans aged 65 and older. The geriatric depression scale was first introduced by yesavage et al. Geriatric depression scale long form patients name. This screening tool does not assess for suicide risk. Geriatric depression scale gds test the calculator. Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past week.
Geriatric depression scale an overview sciencedirect. The original geriatric depression scale gds was a 30item questionnaire timeconsuming and challenging for some patients and staff. The geriatric depression scale is a useful tool for assessing the mental health of older people. Abstract full text pdf the geriatric depression scale gds is a selfreport scale designed to be simple to administer and not to require the skills of a trained interviewer yesavage et al, 1983. The gds geriatric depression scale is a 30item inventory, with a yesno format. Since this version proved both timeconsuming and difficult for some patients to complete, a 15item version was developed. Geriatric depression scale gds information page the geriatric depression scale gds was developed as a basic screening measure for depression in older adults.
The geriatric depression scale was developed by yesavage, brink, rose, lum, huang, adey, and leirer 1982. The geriatric depression scale gds today on medscape. Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Depression is common in late life, effecting nearly. It has been designed for the assessment of depressive symptomatology in elderly people and excludes any questions relating to the physical symptoms of depression common in old age. Each of the 30 questions has a yesno answer, with the scoring dependent on the answer given. The gds short form 15 questions has been derived from the 30 question version. Geriatric depression scale short form patients name. It targets a population with many risk factors for depression, and depression affects them differently than it does younger people.
The geriatric depression scale gds is a widely used test the mood of patients in german geriatric clinics. Yesavage and others newer shortened form is 15item measure geriatric depression scale short form. The aim of the current study was the standardization of the. Hamilton depression rating scale hamd or hdrs determine severity of depression modified sad persons scale assess depression with the modified sad persons scale patient health questionnaire9 phq9 screening tool to assist in identifying major depressive disorder geriatric depression scale a questionnaire to screen for depression in. Geriatric depression scale short form geriatric assessment tool kit. The 5item geriatric depression scale gds is used as a screening tool for identifying depression in older adults. The questions are translated into arabic and greek.
The screen is ideal in that it can be used in the community and acute and longterm care settings. Geriatric depression scale gds short form choose the best answer for how you have felt over the past week. Choose the best answer for how you felt over the past week. It has the distinction of being the first screening scale for depression that was specifically designed to be used with older adults yesavage et al. A tool for assessment of depression in elderly article pdf available in journal of krishna institute of medical sciences university 43. Short form is a 15question screening tool for depression in older adults that takes five to. Do you prefer to stay at home rather than going out and doing new things.
Depression is common in late life, affecting nearly 5 million of the 31 million americans aged 65 and older with clinically significant depressive symptoms reaching % in older adults aged 80 and older. The gds long form is a brief, 30item questionnaire in which. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale. A geriatric depression scale is a tool that can be used to assess depression or the potential for depression in older adults. We targeted depression for this study because dashtipour, et al. Factor structure and measurement invariance of the geriatric depression scale15. Geriatric depression scale short form 1 tools may be copied without permission instructions. Screening for depression among acutely ill geriatric inpatients with a short geriatric depression scale. Please choose the best answer for how you have felt over the past week. The geriatric depression scale gds, although developed for older adults, has also been validated in younger adults. Geriatric depression scale gds is a common screening tool for measuring depression among older adults. The scale is a 30item, selfreport instrument that uses a yesno format.
Where a score of more than five is indicated, a more. The scale originally contained 100 items, but was condensed to 30 is a selfadministered test, but can be used in observeradministered formats also the 30 items. Geriatric depression scale30 long version ahrq academy. Jerome a yesavage geriatric depression scale psychopharmacology bulletin 1988 24. Have you dropped many of your activities and interests.
Sample questions on the geriatric depression scale. This geriatric depression scale gds test evaluates symptoms of depression in elderly patients based on a 15 question and a 4 question version. The validation of the short form of the geriatric depression. The 15 question short version of the gds is useful in. Aged care assessment geriatric depression scale gds tip. Greenberg, phd, rn, gnpbc, hartford institute for geriatric nursing, new york university rory meyers college of nursing why. Later versions retain only the most discriminating questions. Development and testing of a fiveitem version of the geriatric depression scale. Jul 15, 2007 the purpose of this study was to compare the validity of the 15item geriatric depression scale gds15 in nonelderly 75 years patients with parkinsons disease pd.
The geriatric depression scale gds is a screening test originally developed by j. Geriatric depression scale gds 4 questions version 1. Yesavage and colleagues in 1982 that is used to identify symptoms of depression in older adults. While there are many instruments available to measure depression, the geriatric depression scale gds, first created by yesavage, et al. Mar 30, 2017 selfreport screening tool to identify depression in older adults originally developed as 30item measure geriatric depression scale long form. However, its much more important than getting the simple results of a test. Effect of age on geriatric depression scale performance in. Discover more about the gds screening tool and also some guidelines about depression in the elderly below the form. Geriatric depression scale geriatric patients 30 1015 minutes selfadministered yesno 92%95% beck depression inventory patients with previously diagnosed depression 21 510 minutes selfadministered 03 ranked responses 100%96% hamilton depression scale responses all populations 21 1520 minutes professionally administered interview 0 2 or 0 4.
Depression assessments such as the 4item geriatric depression scale are easy and quick to. In the geriatric depression scale, questions are answered yes or no. Depression is more common in those with multiple chronic conditions. Results of the geriatric depression scale explained the. The items may be answered yes or no, which is thought to be simpler than. Information about the openaccess article geriatric depression scale gds. Geriatric depression scale 30 questions gds30 in cga toolkit plus.
Proposed factor structure of the geriatric depression scale. What is the geriatric depression scale and why is it. The 4 item geriatric depression scale is suitable as a screening test for depressive symptoms in the elderly. Confirmatory factor analysis of the geriatric depression scale. The 15item geriatric depression scale gds 15 is a widely used screening instrument for depressive symptoms in the elderly, but its ability to detect alterations in depressive symptoms over time. The fiveitem gds is as effective as the 15item gds for the screening of depression in cognitively intact older subjects2. Validation of the fiveitem geriatric depression scale in elderly. Both major and minor depression are reported in % of. Sep 24, 20 the geriatric depression scale gds assessment hartford institute for geriatric nursing. The geriatric depression scale gds assessment hartford institute for geriatric nursing. Aged care assessment geriatric depression scale gds.
Recognition of the prevalence of depression among older people prompted development of the geriatric depression scale gds in 1986 to screen for depression in older adults. Greenberg, phdc, msn, gnpbc, hartford institute for geriatric nursing, nyu college of nursing why. Do you think that most people are better off than you are. Sheikh ji, yesavage ja, brooks jo iii, friedman lf, gratzinger p, hill rd, zadeik a, crook t 1991. The gds was originally developed as a 30item instrument. Left untreated, depression may progress and have dramatic effects on overall health. It was designed specifically for the aged, as a screening instrument for depression. Geriatric depression scale an overview sciencedirect topics.
Circle the answer that best describes how you felt over the past. The purpose of the gds is to obtain the patients own perception of their depression. Answers indicating depression are in bold and italicized. The geriatric depression scale gds assessment youtube. Short form is a 15question screening tool for depression in older adults that takes five to seven minutes to complete and can be filled out by the patient or. Short form is a 15question screening tool for depression in older adults that takes five to seven minutes to complete and can be filled out by the patient or administered by a provider with minimal training in its use. In addition to the 5item scale, there is a long form 30item questionnaire. Greenberg, msn, aprn, bc, gnp, hartford institute for geriatric nursing, nyu college of nursing why.
While there are many instruments available to measure depression, the geriatric depression scale gds, first created by yesavage et al. It can be used within a wide range of settings, and can be used with those that have a medical illness or those with mild to moderate cognitive impairment. It should be investigated whether a depressive mood on admission was associated with a reduced amelioration in independence in the course of geriatric rehabilitation. Geriatric depression scale short form with 4 questions. The geriatric depression scale 15 gds 15 is a short, 15item instrument specifically designed to assess depression in geriatric populations. Evaluating hierarchical items of the geriatric depression scale. Geriatric depression scale long form cme outfitters. Improved function and geriatric depression scale profile. The gds is a screening device and should not be used as a diagnostic tool. Therefore, it taps the affective and behavioral symptoms of depression and excludes most symptoms that may be confused with somatic disease e. Resources for the cga based proactive primary care of the elderly. The scale uses simple questions to measure the level of depression, type of depression, and what could be the underlying causes.
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